By Ignacio Garcia Conway

During the late 20th century, Brazil’s story was not very different from that of the rest of Latin America. As the 1980s began most South and Central American countries, along other developing nations of the world, faced stagnant economies with high levels of inflation. The Mexican default in 1982 augmented monetary pressures throughout the region, leading to the loss of Brazil’s access to foreign financial markets. By 1985 one thing was clear: economic and fiscal reform was necessary.