By Shohini Kundu
In recent decades, corporations have come under increasing pressure from various groups to act in socially and environmentally responsible ways. In 1987, a group of Vermonters started a national campaign called McToxics to ban the use of styrofoam in food packaging. This campaign attracted students, animal rights activists, and even church groups. Even though McDonalds initially resisted pressure from the campaigners due to concerns about packaging cost and its impact on profit, it was in their longterm business interest to not alienate customer groups.